1. Download ISO file:
https://www.debian.org/
2. Create bootable install pendrive:
- open "Gnome Disks" software.
- select Pendrive
- Top
right menu (3 bars icon) → "Restore Disk Image"
- Select downloaded debian.iso file and hit OK
- This will delete all your files on pendrive and make install pendrive.
3. Reboot your computer, and boot from USB (Press F2, F12 or F9 during boot and select USB)
4. Install Debian. Select "Fully erase disk and create encrypted lvm"
Post-Installation Setup
Once debian is installed, follow these instructions to configure and install the needed software.
Save this file on a pendrive and paste the commands as you see fit.
Notes: Whenever there is a # at the beginning of a line, it means it is a comment for you. Normal lines you can just paste in the terminal.
Oneliners
Oneliner Debian 12:
Open Terminal, become root (su), and paste the following command: (it opens software sources configurator and downloads
needed software. Tick all three first tickboxes in software configurator and hit OK (this will load non-free and contrib
sources):
- apt-get install software-properties-gtk gedit lsb-release sudo nano qemu-kvm libguestfs-tools aptitude wget dialog
libcanberra-gtk-module htop curl lshw firmware-brcm80211 broadcom-sta-dkms libavcodec-extra gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly
libavcodec-extra vlc thunderbird inkscape gparted lifeograph simple-scan xbindkeys qemu-kvm sshfs sshuttle duplicity
deja-dup faenza-icon-theme pm-utils epiphany-browser gpm guake vlc simple-scan espeak inkscape guake gedit
ttf-mscorefonts-installer texlive-fonts-extra pdfshuffler gthumb dialog rsync unattended-upgrades vlc pdfshuffler
espeak borgbackup exfatprogs exfat-fuse guake parcellite hunspell-fr libreoffice-l10n-fr hunspell-en-us hunspell-en-gb
libreoffice-l10n-en-gb libreoffice-l10n-de hunspell-de-ch hunspell-es thunderbird-l10n-de thunderbird-l10n-es-es
thunderbird-l10n-fr thunderbird-l10n-it firmware-linux-nonfree dnsutils chromium foomatic-db seahorse-nautilus
gnome-shell* nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal exiftool bash-completion kdenlive linux-cpupower kcachegrind unison
sshpass libstring-mkpasswd-perl xournal
Oneliner Debian 10 / Debian 11:
Open Terminal, become root (su), and paste the following command: (it opens software sources configurator and downloads
needed software. Tick all three first tickboxes in software configurator and hit OK (this will load non-free and contrib
sources):
- apt-get install software-properties-gtk gedit lsb-release sudo nano qemu-kvm libguestfs-tools aptitude wget
dialog libcanberra-gtk-module htop curl lshw firmware-brcm80211 broadcom-sta-dkms libavcodec-extra
gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly libavcodec-extra vlc thunderbird inkscape gparted lifeograph simple-scan xbindkeys qemu-kvm
sshfs sshuttle duplicity deja-dup faenza-icon-theme pm-utils epiphany-browser gpm guake vlc simple-scan espeak
inkscape guake gedit ttf-mscorefonts-installer texlive-fonts-extra pdfshuffler gthumb dialog rsync
unattended-upgrades vlc pdfshuffler espeak borgbackup exfat-utils exfat-fuse guake parcellite hunspell-fr
libreoffice-l10n-fr hunspell-en-us hunspell-en-gb libreoffice-l10n-en-gb libreoffice-l10n-de hunspell-de-ch
hunspell-es thunderbird-l10n-de thunderbird-l10n-es-es thunderbird-l10n-fr thunderbird-l10n-it firmware-linux-nonfree
dnsutils chromium foomatic-db seahorse-nautilus gnome-shell* nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal exiftool
bash-completion kdenlive linux-cpupower kcachegrind unison sshpass libstring-mkpasswd-perl xournal
Detailed Post Installation Notes
#Open up a terminal and become
root:
su
#enter password, hit [enter].
apt-get install gksu
software-properties-gtk gedit -y
gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
#save the file
#After save,
your file should look like this:
##################################################
#
# deb
cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 8 _Jessie_ - Official Snapshot amd64 LIVE/INSTALL Binary 20150908-22:02]/ jessie
main contrib non-free
# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 8 _Jessie_ - Official Snapshot amd64 LIVE/INSTALL
Binary 20150908-22:02]/ jessie main contrib non-free
deb <a
href="http://httpredir.debian.org/debian">http://httpredir.debian.org/debian
jessie main contrib non-free
deb-src <a
href="http://httpredir.debian.org/debian">http://httpredir.debian.org/debian
jessie main contrib non-free
deb <a
href="http://httpredir.debian.org/debian">http://httpredir.debian.org/debian
jessie-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src <a
href="http://httpredir.debian.org/debian">http://httpredir.debian.org/debian
jessie-updates main contrib non-free
deb <a
href="http://security.debian.org/">http://security.debian.org/
jessie/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src <a
href="http://security.debian.org/">http://security.debian.org/
jessie/updates main contrib non-free
# deb <a
href="http://http.debian.net/debian">http://http.debian.net/debian
jessie-backports main
deb <a
href="http://http.us.debian.org/debian/">http://http.us.debian.org/debian/
jessie main non-free contrib
#########################################
#Then, run:
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
#to update the system.
#install essentional
packages:
apt-get install lsb-release sudo nano qemu-kvm libguestfs-tools aptitude gksu wget dialog
libcanberra-gtk-module htop curl lshw
apt install bash-completion
WIFI
Intel devices such as Will's laptop
apt-get install firmware-iwlwifi
#arnaud's laptop
wifi:
apt-get install firmware-realtek
#dell precision:
apt-get install
firmware-iwlwifi
#urs old macbook air:
apt-get install firmware-brcm80211
broadcom-sta-dkms
#to diagnose unknown hardware:
apt-get install lshw && lshw -c
network
ZFS
Changed to backports: <a
href="https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfs/wiki/Debian">https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfs/wiki/Debian
OR:
wget
<a
href="http://archive.zfsonlinux.org/debian/pool/main/z/zfsonlinux/zfsonlinux_6_all.deb">http://archive.zfsonlinux.org/debian/pool/main/z/zfsonlinux/zfsonlinux_6_all.deb
dpkg
– i zfsonlinux_6_all.deb
wget <a
href="http://zfsonlinux.org/4D5843EA.asc">http://zfsonlinux.org/4D5843EA.asc
– O - | apt-key add -
apt-get update
apt-get install debian-zfs
#Install VLC and multimedia support
new: (missing)
old:
apt-get install libavcodec-extra
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly libavcodec-extra vlc -y
#libdvdcss2 is not available in the official Debian repositories.
Details on where to get libdvdcss2 from are described at =CDDVD=
#Font's and other SFCO software
#nonfree microsoft fonts
apt-get install icedove inkscape gparted
lifeograph simple-scan xbindkeys qemu-kvm sshfs sshuttle duplicity deja-dup faenza-icon-theme
pm-utils epiphany-browser gpm guake xul-ext-noscript enigmail vlc owncloud-client simple-scan
espeak inkscape guake gedit xul-ext-adblock-plus ttf-mscorefonts-installer texlive-fonts-extra pdfshuffler gthumb dialog
rsync unattended-upgrades vlc pdfshuffler espeak borgbackup exfat-utils exfat-fuse guake parcellite -y
#add unattended upgrade reconfigure and firewall
Todo
#swapfile
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap bs=1024 count=8000000 #8gb
mkswap /swap
chmod
600 /swap
swapon /swap
#Add int nano
/etc/fstab:
#/swap none
swap sw 0 0
#Keyboard
dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
#Language packs, spellcheck (?)
apt-get install myspell-fr libreoffice-l10n-fr myspell-en-us myspell-en-gb
libreoffice-l10n-en-gb libreoffice-l10n-de myspell-de-ch myspell-es -y
#thunderbird languages
apt-get
install icedove-l10n-de icedove-l10n-es-es icedove-l10n-fr icedove-l10n-it -y
#also install languages
for iceweasel/firefox/openoffice.
#nvidia / video
apt-get install nvidia-detect -y
apt-get install nvidia-driver nvidia-xconfig
– y
nvidia-xconfig
or use nvidia install from Scripts.
# if radeon: enable non-free
apt-get
install firmware-linux-nonfree
# nonfree kernel support *intel graphics
cards(
apt-get install
firmware-linux-nonfree
More:
apt install
nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal
Configuration Checklist
install browser certs
system language
system keyboard
leafy
browser
cert
enigmail encryption
email
cloud
calendars
email accounts, incl. signatures and download/cache
settings
backup with deja dup
autoupdate for flash
viedo drivers
audio, video and
skype
hangout
encryption keys / enigmail
password-lock
autosuspend
dvd playback
zfs
phone
connection
usb file systems
scanner & printers setup
wifi pws and drivers
flash
touchpad mate :
gsomething program fixes that
redshift
french browser
libdvdcss
disable unlock keyring (mate,
gnome)
check skype
check ghang
check spellcheck in libreoffice
spellcheck in icedove
video playback:
libdvdcss from deb multimedia precmpiled
zfs
Upgrade to Debian 9 Notes
replace sources list (jessie to stable)
sed -i
's/jessie/stretch/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
apt update
apt
dist-upgrade
#automated (replace all config files)
sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confold" dist-upgrade
# debian 8
apt-get install nano iputils-ping wget unattended-upgrades nano apache2 rsync php5 php-pear php5-gd imagemagick php5-imagick mysql-server php5-mysql tidy unzip pngnq optipng gifsicle php5-curl htop php5-curl ca-certificates libjpeg-progs subversion curl php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt -y
# debian 9
apt-get install nano iputils-ping wget unattended-upgrades nano apache2 rsync php php-pear php-gd imagemagick php-imagick mysql-server php-mysql tidy unzip pngnq optipng gifsicle php-curl htop ca-certificates libjpeg-progs subversion curl libapache2-mod-php php-mcrypt php7.0-mbstring jpegoptim php7.0-sqlite -y
# debian 10
apt-get install nano iputils-ping wget unattended-upgrades nano apache2 rsync php php-pear php-gd imagemagick php-imagick mariadb-server php-mysql tidy unzip pngnq optipng gifsicle php-curl htop ca-certificates libjpeg-progs subversion curl libapache2-mod-php jpegoptim php7.3-sqlite php-zip php-mbstring curl libcurl4 libcurl3-dev git -y
#Mod pagespeed (normally not needed)
wget https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/linux/direct/mod-pagespeed-stable_current_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mod-pagespeed-*.deb
apt-get -f install
# continue
a2enmod expires
a2enmod headers
a2enmod rewrite
a2enmod ssl
a2ensite default-ssl
service apache2 restart
enable htaccess:
add this block to end of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/* (both http and https) INSIDE VHOSTS SECTION.
nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/*
<Directory /var/www/html>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
# Uncomment this directive is you want to see apache2's
# default start page (in /apache2-default) when you go to /
#RedirectMatch ^/$ /apache2-default/
</Directory>
service apache2 restart
#install mysql
#remember to change userbnane abd pw
mysql_secure_installation
mysql -u root
#create db and user
CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
CREATE DATABASE databasename;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO 'newuser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Spip Install Method 2
USING SPIP LOADER:
cd /var/www/html/
rm index.html
wget http://www.spip.net/spip-dev/INSTALL/spip_loader.php
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html
chmod 777 /var/www/html/
@now open website at https://ip:port/spip_loader.php
I use qemu to virtualize appliances on my servers, and I access them over SSH. Allthough SSH supports streaming X windows so it is possible to fire up a graphical install, it is not so convenient as the connection may drop and cancel the install.
A convenient workaround is to use qemu’s curses/nographic interface, where instead of a display, a terminal is attached to the virtual machine. That way you can install and use your virtual machines directly in the SSH terminal.
To install a new system from scratch, simply define the -hda, -cdrom and -boot flags, and add the -nographic option:
qemu-system-x86_64 -hda /dev/sdc1 -m 1500 --enable-kvm -nographic -cdrom images/debian-stable.iso -boot d
The Debian installer supports headless mode, but we have to add two settings at the boot prompt to make it work with curses/nographic.
1. Fire up qemu with the command above. Wait a few seconds, the screen will turn black after loading syslinux. Hit ESC, and enter:
install fb=none vga=normal
and follow the install. Voilà, you’re installing your VM in qemu directly over ssh.
Tip: To prevent losing the install if the network connection is lost, run the commands in a screen terminal.
